可以使用 NSX CLI 对防火墙数据包丢弃问题进行故障排除。
显示防火墙数据包丢弃统计信息
从 NSX Data Center for vSphere 6.2.3 开始，您可以使用 show packet drops 命令显示防火墙的数据包丢弃统计信息。
要运行该命令，请登录到 NSX Edge CLI 并进入基本模式。有关详细信息，请参见
《NSX 命令行界面参考》。例如：
show packet drops vShield Edge Packet Drop Stats: Firewall Drop Counters ====================== Ipv4 Rules ========== Chain - INPUT rid pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 0 119 30517 DROP all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state INVALID 0 0 0 DROP all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 Chain - POSTROUTING rid pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 0 101 4040 DROP all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state INVALID 0 0 0 DROP all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 Ipv6 Rules ========== Chain - INPUT rid pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 0 0 0 DROP all * * ::/0 ::/0 state INVALID 0 0 0 DROP all * * ::/0 ::/0 Chain - POSTROUTING rid pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 0 0 0 DROP all * * ::/0 ::/0 state INVALID 0 0 0 DROP all * * ::/0 ::/0
Edge 数据包防火墙问题
要运行一个命令，请登录到 NSX Edge CLI 并进入基本模式。有关详细信息，请参见《NSX 命令行界面参考》。
- 使用 show firewall 命令检查防火墙规则表。usr_rules 表显示配置的规则。
nsxedge> show firewall Chain PREROUTING (policy ACCEPT 3146M packets, 4098G bytes) rid pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes) rid pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 0 78903 16M ACCEPT all -- lo * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 0 0 0 DROP all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state INVALID 0 140K 9558K block_in all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 0 23789 1184K ACCEPT all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state RELATED,ESTABLISHED 0 116K 8374K usr_rules all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 0 0 0 DROP all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT 3146M packets, 4098G bytes) rid pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 173K packets, 22M bytes) rid pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination Chain POSTROUTING (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes) rid pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 0 78903 16M ACCEPT all -- * lo 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 0 679K 41M DROP all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state INVALID 0 3146M 4098G block_out all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 0 0 0 ACCEPT all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 PHYSDEV match --physdev-in tap0 --physdev-out vNic_+ 0 0 0 ACCEPT all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 PHYSDEV match --physdev-in vNic_+ --physdev-out tap0 0 0 0 ACCEPT all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 PHYSDEV match --physdev-in na+ --physdev-out vNic_+ 0 0 0 ACCEPT all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 PHYSDEV match --physdev-in vNic_+ --physdev-out na+ 0 3145M 4098G ACCEPT all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state RELATED,ESTABLISHED 0 221K 13M usr_rules all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 0 0 0 DROP all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 Chain block_in (1 references) rid pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination Chain block_out (1 references) rid pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination Chain usr_rules (2 references) rid pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 131074 70104 5086K ACCEPT all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 match-set 0_131074-os-v4-1 src 131075 116K 8370K ACCEPT all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 match-set 1_131075-ov-v4-1 dst 131073 151K 7844K ACCEPT all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0
在 show firewall 命令的 POST_ROUTING 部分中检查 DROP invalid 规则的递增值。典型的原因包括：- 不对称路由问题
- 基于 TCP 的应用程序处于不活动状态的时间超过一小时。如果出现不活动超时问题，并且应用程序处于空闲状态的时间太长，请使用 REST API 增加不活动超时设置。请参见https://kb.vmware.com/kb/2101275
- 收集 show ipset 命令输出。
nsxedge> show ipset Name: 0_131074-os-v4-1 Type: bitmap:if (Interface Match) Revision: 3 Header: range 0-64000 Size in memory: 8116 References: 1 Number of entries: 1 Members: vse (vShield Edge Device) Name: 0_131074-os-v6-1 Type: bitmap:if (Interface Match) Revision: 3 Header: range 0-64000 Size in memory: 8116 References: 1 Number of entries: 1 Members: vse (vShield Edge Device) Name: 1_131075-ov-v4-1 Type: hash:oservice (Match un-translated Ports) Revision: 2 Header: family inet hashsize 64 maxelem 65536 Size in memory: 704 References: 1 Number of entries: 2 Members: Proto=6, DestPort=179, SrcPort=Any (encoded: 0.6.0.179,0.6.0.0/16) Proto=89, DestPort=Any, SrcPort=Any (encoded: 0.89.0.0/16,0.89.0.0/16) Name: 1_131075-ov-v6-1 Type: hash:oservice (Match un-translated Ports) Revision: 2 Header: family inet hashsize 64 maxelem 65536 Size in memory: 704 References: 1 Number of entries: 2 Members: Proto=89, DestPort=Any, SrcPort=Any (encoded: 0.89.0.0/16,0.89.0.0/16) Proto=6, DestPort=179, SrcPort=Any (encoded: 0.6.0.179,0.6.0.0/16) - 使用 REST API 或 Edge 用户界面在特定防火墙规则上启用日志记录，然后使用 show log follow 命令监视日志。
如果看不到日志，请使用以下 REST API 在 DROP Invalid 规则上启用日志记录。
URL : https://NSX_Manager_IP/api/4.0/edges/{edgeId}/firewall/config/global PUT Method Input representation <globalConfig> <!-- Optional --> <tcpPickOngoingConnections>false</tcpPickOngoingConnections> <!-- Optional. Defaults to false --> <tcpAllowOutOfWindowPackets>false</tcpAllowOutOfWindowPackets> <!-- Optional. Defaults to false --> <tcpSendResetForClosedVsePorts>true</tcpSendResetForClosedVsePorts> <!-- Optional. Defaults to true --> <dropInvalidTraffic>true</dropInvalidTraffic> <!-- Optional. Defaults to true --> <logInvalidTraffic>true</logInvalidTraffic> <!-- Optional. Defaults to false --> <tcpTimeoutOpen>30</tcpTimeoutOpen> <!-- Optional. Defaults to 30 --> <tcpTimeoutEstablished>3600</tcpTimeoutEstablished> <!-- Optional. Defaults to 3600 --> <tcpTimeoutClose>30</tcpTimeoutClose> <!-- Optional. Defaults to 30 --> <udpTimeout>60</udpTimeout> <!-- Optional. Defaults to 60 --> <icmpTimeout>10</icmpTimeout> <!-- Optional. Defaults to 10 --> <icmp6Timeout>10</icmp6Timeout> <!-- Optional. Defaults to 10 --> <ipGenericTimeout>120</ipGenericTimeout> <!-- Optional. Defaults to 120 --> </globalConfig> Output representation No payload使用 show log follow 命令查找类似下面的日志：2016-04-18T20:53:31+00:00 edge-0 kernel: nf_ct_tcp: invalid TCP flag combination IN= OUT= SRC=172.16.1.4 DST=192.168.1.4 LEN=40 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=43343 PROTO=TCP SPT=5050 DPT=80 SEQ=0 ACK=1572141176 WINDOW=512 RES=0x00 URG PSH FIN URGP=0 2016-04-18T20:53:31+00:00 edge-0 kernel: INVALID IN= OUT=vNic_1 SRC=172.16.1.4 DST=192.168.1.4 LEN=40 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=43343 PROTO=TCP SPT=5050 DPT=80 WINDOW=512 RES=0x00 URG PSH FIN URGP=0
- 使用 show flowtable rule_id 命令在 Edge 防火墙状态表中查找匹配的连接。
nsxedge> show flowtable 1: tcp 6 21554 ESTABLISHED src=192.168.110.10 dst=192.168.5.3 sport=25981 d port=22 pkts=52 bytes=5432 src=192.168.5.3 dst=192.168.110.10 sport=22 dport=259 81 pkts=44 bytes=7201 [ASSURED] mark=0 rid=131073 use=1 2: tcp 6 21595 ESTABLISHED src=127.0.0.1 dst=127.0.0.1 sport=53194 dport=10 001 pkts=33334 bytes=11284650 src=127.0.0.1 dst=127.0.0.1 sport=10001 dport=5319 4 pkts=33324 bytes=1394146 [ASSURED] mark=0 rid=0 use=1使用 show flowstats 命令将活动连接数与最大允许连接数进行比较：nsxedge> show flowstats Total Flow Capacity: 65536 Current Statistics : cpu=0 searched=3280373 found=3034890571 new=52678 invalid=659946 ignore=77605 delete=52667 delete_list=49778 insert=49789 insert_failed=0 drop=0 early_drop=0 error=0 search_restart=0 -
使用 show log follow 命令检查 Edge 日志并查找任何 ALG 丢弃问题。搜索类似于 tftp_alg、 msrpc_alg 或 oracle_tns 的字符串。有关其他信息，请参见：
