您可以配置 NSX 设备、NSX Edge 和 Hypervisor，以将日志消息发送到远程日志服务器。

NSX Manager、NSX Edge 和 Hypervisor 支持远程日志记录。必须分别在每个节点上配置远程日志记录。

对于协议参数，选项包括 UDP、TCP、LI 以及安全协议 TLS 和 LI-TLS。Log Insight 日志服务器支持所有协议。仅当日志服务器为 Log Insight 时，才能使用协议 LI 和 LI-TLS。使用 LI 或 LI-TLS 的好处是它们可优化网络使用情况。如果日志服务器为 Log Insight，建议使用 LI 或 LI-TLS。如果无法使用 LI，则 TCP 的优势是更加可靠，而 UDP 的优势是需要较少的系统和网络开销。

前提条件

  • 请自行熟悉 CLI 命令 set logging-server。有关详细信息，请参见NSX 命令行界面参考。
  • 如果指定安全协议 TLS 或 LI-TLS，则服务器和客户端证书必须存储在每个 NSX 设备上的 /image/vmware/nsx/file-store 中。请注意，仅当使用 NSX CLI 配置导出程序时，才需要文件存储中的证书。如果使用 API，则无需使用文件存储。完成 syslog 导出程序配置后，必须删除此位置中的所有证书和密钥，以避免潜在的安全漏洞。
  • 要配置与日志服务器的安全连接，请确认服务器配置了 CA 签名的证书。例如，如果您使用 Log Insight 服务器 vrli.prome.local 作为日志服务器，则可以从客户端运行以下命令以查看服务器上的证书链：
    echo -n | openssl s_client -connect vrli.prome.local:443  | sed -ne '/^Certificate chain/,/^---/p'

    例如：

    root@caserver:~# echo -n | openssl s_client -connect vrli.prome.local:443  | sed -ne '/^Certificate chain/,/^---/p'
depth=2 C = US, L = California, O = GS, CN = Orange Root Certification Authority
verify error:num=19:self signed certificate in certificate chain
Certificate chain
 0 s:/C=US/ST=California/L=HTG/O=GSS/CN=vrli.prome.local
   i:/C=US/L=California/O=GS/CN=Green Intermediate Certification Authority
 1 s:/C=US/L=California/O=GS/CN=Green Intermediate Certification Authority
   i:/C=US/L=California/O=GS/CN=Orange Root Certification Authority
 2 s:/C=US/L=California/O=GS/CN=Orange Root Certification Authority
   i:/C=US/L=California/O=GS/CN=Orange Root Certification Authority
---
DONE

过程

  1. 要在 NSX 设备或 NSX Edge 上配置远程日志记录，请执行以下操作：
    1. 运行以下命令以配置日志服务器和要发送到日志服务器的消息类型。可以将多个设备或消息 ID 指定为逗号分隔列表（不含空格）。 
      set logging-server <hostname-or-ip-address[:port]> proto <proto> level <level> [facility <facility>] [messageid <messageid>] [serverca <filename>] [clientca <filename>] [certificate <filename>] [key <filename>] [structured-data <structured-data>]
      您可以多次运行该命令来添加多个配置。例如： 
      set logging-server 192.168.110.60 proto udp level info facility local6 messageid SYSTEM,FABRIC
      set logging-server 192.168.110.60 proto udp level info facility auth,user
      要仅将审核日志转发到远程服务器，请在 structured-data 参数中指定 audit="true"。例如： 
      set logging-server <server-ip> proto udp level info structured-data audit="true"
      所有 NSX 日志均使用程序模块 local6。仅当未设置程序模块筛选器或指定程序模块中包含 local6 时，才应使用 messageid 和 structured-data 筛选器。
    2. 配置安全远程登录：
      • 要使用协议 LI-TLS 配置安全远程日志记录，请指定 proto li-tls 参数。例如：
        set logging-server vrli.prome.local proto li-tls level info messageid SWITCHING,ROUTING,FABRIC,SYSTEM,POLICY,HEALTHCHECK,SHA,MONITORING serverca intermed-ca-full-chain.crt

        如果配置成功，您将收到一条不含任何文本的提示。要查看服务器证书链（中间证书后跟根证书）的内容，请以 root 的身份登录，然后运行以下命令：

        keytool -printcert -file /image/vmware/nsx/file-store/intermed-ca-full-chain.crt
        例如， 
        root@nsx1:~# keytool -printcert -file /image/vmware/nsx/file-store/intermed-ca-full-chain.crt
Certificate[1]:
Owner: CN=Green Intermediate Certification Authority, O=GS, L=California, C=US
Issuer: CN=Orange Root Certification Authority, O=GS, L=California, C=US
Serial number: 3e726e7fbb3b0a7a6b4edd767f867fd2
Valid from: Sun Mar 15 00:00:00 UTC 2020 until: Mon Mar 17 00:00:00 UTC 2025
Certificate fingerprints:
  MD5:  94:C8:9F:92:56:60:EB:DB:ED:4B:11:17:33:27:C0:C9
  SHA1: 42:9C:3C:51:E8:8E:AC:2E:5E:62:95:82:D7:22:E0:FB:08:B8:64:29
  SHA256: 58:B8:63:3D:0C:34:35:39:FC:3D:1E:BA:AA:E3:CE:A9:C0:F3:58:53:1F:AD:89:A5:01:0D:D3:89:9E:7B:C5:69
Signature algorithm name: SHA256WITHRSA
Subject Public Key Algorithm: 4096-bit RSA key
Version: 3
Certificate[2]:
Owner: CN=Orange Root Certification Authority, O=GS, L=California, C=US
Issuer: CN=Orange Root Certification Authority, O=GS, L=California, C=US
Serial number: 3e726e7fbb3b0a7a6b4edd767f867fd1
Valid from: Mon Mar 16 07:16:07 UTC 2020 until: Fri Mar 10 07:16:07 UTC 2045
Certificate fingerprints:
  MD5:  ED:AC:F1:7F:88:05:83:2A:83:C0:09:03:D5:00:CA:7B
  SHA1: DC:B5:3F:37:DF:BD:E0:5C:A4:B7:F4:4C:96:12:75:7A:16:C7:61:37
  SHA256: F2:5B:DE:8A:F2:31:9D:E6:EF:35:F1:30:6F:DA:05:FF:92:B4:15:96:AA:82:67:E3:3C:C1:69:A3:E5:27:B9:A5
Signature algorithm name: SHA256WITHRSA
Subject Public Key Algorithm: 4096-bit RSA key
Version: 3
        成功和失败情况的日志都记录在 /var/log/loginsight-agent/liagent_2020-MM-DD-<file-num>.log 中。如果配置成功，则可以使用以下命令来查看 Log Insight 配置： 
        cat /var/lib/loginsight-agent/liagent-effective.ini
        例如， 
        root@nsx1:/image/vmware/nsx/file-store# cat /var/lib/loginsight-agent/liagent-effective.ini
; Dynamic file representing the effective configuration of VMware Log Insight Agent (merged server-side and client-side configuration)
;     DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE BY HAND -- YOUR CHANGES WILL BE OVERWRITTEN
; Creation time: 2020-03-22T19:41:21.648800
 
[server]
hostname=vrli.prome.local
proto=cfapi
ssl=yes
ssl_ca_path=/config/vmware/nsx-node-api/syslog/bb466082-996f-4d77-b6e3-1fa93f4a20d4_ca.pem
ssl_accept_any_trusted=yes
port=9543
filter={filelog; nsx-syslog; pri_severity <= 6 and ( msgid == "SWITCHING" or msgid == "ROUTING" or msgid == "FABRIC" or msgid == "SYSTEM" or msgid == "POLICY" or msgid == "HEALTHCHECK" or msgid == "SHA" or msgid == "MONITORING" )}
 
[filelog|nsx-syslog]
directory=/var/log
include=syslog;syslog.*
parser=nsx-syslog_parser
 
[parser|nsx-syslog_parser]
base_parser=syslog
extract_sd=yes
 
[update]
auto_update=no
      • 要使用协议 TLS 来配置安全远程日志记录，请指定 proto tls 参数。例如：
        set logging-server vrli.prome.local proto tls level info serverca Orange-CA.crt.pem clientca Orange-CA.crt.pem certificate gc-nsxt-mgr-full.crt.pem key gc-nsxt-mgr.key.pem
        请注意以下事项：
        • 对于 serverCA 参数，只需提供根证书，而不是整个链。
        • 如果 clientCA 不同于 serverCA，则只需提供根证书。
        • 该证书应该包含 NSX Manager 的完整链（应兼容 NDcPP - EKU、BASIC 和 CDP（CDP - 可以忽略这项检查））。
        您可以使用 keytool 命令检查每个证书的内容。例如， 
        keytool -printcert -file /image/vmware/nsx/file-store/Orange-CA.crt.pem
        keytool -printcert -file gc-nsxt-mgr-full.crt.pem
        示例输出： 
        root@gc3:~# keytool -printcert -file /image/vmware/nsx/file-store/Orange-CA.crt.pem
Owner: CN=Orange Root Certification Authority, O=GS, L=California, C=US
Issuer: CN=Orange Root Certification Authority, O=GS, L=California, C=US
Serial number: 3e726e7fbb3b0a7a6b4edd767f867fd1
Valid from: Mon Mar 16 07:16:07 UTC 2020 until: Fri Mar 10 07:16:07 UTC 2045
Certificate fingerprints:
  MD5:  ED:AC:F1:7F:88:05:83:2A:83:C0:09:03:D5:00:CA:7B
  SHA1: DC:B5:3F:37:DF:BD:E0:5C:A4:B7:F4:4C:96:12:75:7A:16:C7:61:37
  SHA256: F2:5B:DE:8A:F2:31:9D:E6:EF:35:F1:30:6F:DA:05:FF:92:B4:15:96:AA:82:67:E3:3C:C1:69:A3:E5:27:B9:A5
Signature algorithm name: SHA256WITHRSA
Subject Public Key Algorithm: 4096-bit RSA key
Version: 3
root@gc3:~#
 
root@gc3:/image/vmware/nsx/file-store# keytool -printcert -file gc-nsxt-mgr-full.crt.pem
Certificate[1]:
Owner: CN=gc.prome.local, O=GS, L=HTG, ST=California, C=US
Issuer: CN=Green Intermediate Certification Authority, O=GS, L=California, C=US
Serial number: bdf43ab31340b87f323b438a2895a075
Valid from: Mon Mar 16 07:26:51 UTC 2020 until: Wed Mar 16 07:26:51 UTC 2022
Certificate fingerprints:
        MD5:  36:3C:1F:57:96:07:84:C0:6D:B7:33:9A:8D:25:4D:27
        SHA1: D1:4E:F9:45:2D:0D:34:79:D2:B4:FA:65:28:E0:5C:DC:74:50:CA:3B
        SHA256: 3C:FF:A9:5D:AA:68:44:44:DD:07:2F:DD:E2:BE:9C:32:19:7A:03:D5:26:8D:5F:AD:56:CA:D2:6C:91:96:27:6F
Signature algorithm name: SHA256WITHRSA
Subject Public Key Algorithm: 4096-bit RSA key
Version: 3
Certificate[2]:
Owner: CN=Green Intermediate Certification Authority, O=GS, L=California, C=US
Issuer: CN=Orange Root Certification Authority, O=GS, L=California, C=US
Serial number: 3e726e7fbb3b0a7a6b4edd767f867fd2
Valid from: Sun Mar 15 00:00:00 UTC 2020 until: Mon Mar 17 00:00:00 UTC 2025
Certificate fingerprints:
        MD5:  94:C8:9F:92:56:60:EB:DB:ED:4B:11:17:33:27:C0:C9
        SHA1: 42:9C:3C:51:E8:8E:AC:2E:5E:62:95:82:D7:22:E0:FB:08:B8:64:29
        SHA256: 58:B8:63:3D:0C:34:35:39:FC:3D:1E:BA:AA:E3:CE:A9:C0:F3:58:53:1F:AD:89:A5:01:0D:D3:89:9E:7B:C5:69
Signature algorithm name: SHA256WITHRSA
Subject Public Key Algorithm: 4096-bit RSA key
Version: 3
Certificate[3]:
Owner: CN=Orange Root Certification Authority, O=GS, L=California, C=US
Issuer: CN=Orange Root Certification Authority, O=GS, L=California, C=US
Serial number: 3e726e7fbb3b0a7a6b4edd767f867fd1
Valid from: Mon Mar 16 07:16:07 UTC 2020 until: Fri Mar 10 07:16:07 UTC 2045
Certificate fingerprints:
        MD5:  ED:AC:F1:7F:88:05:83:2A:83:C0:09:03:D5:00:CA:7B
        SHA1: DC:B5:3F:37:DF:BD:E0:5C:A4:B7:F4:4C:96:12:75:7A:16:C7:61:37
        SHA256: F2:5B:DE:8A:F2:31:9D:E6:EF:35:F1:30:6F:DA:05:FF:92:B4:15:96:AA:82:67:E3:3C:C1:69:A3:E5:27:B9:A5
Signature algorithm name: SHA256WITHRSA
Subject Public Key Algorithm: 4096-bit RSA key
Version: 3
        /var/log/syslog 中成功日志记录的示例： 
        <182>1 2020-03-22T21:54:34.501Z gc3.prome.local NSX 5187 - [nsx@6876 comp="nsx-manager" subcomp="node-mgmt" username="admin" level="INFO"] Successfully created CA PEM file /config/vmwarensx-node-api/syslog/92a78d8a-acfd-4515-b05a-2927b70ae920_ca.pem for logging server vrli.prome.local:6514
<182>1 2020-03-22T21:54:36.269Z gc3.prome.local NSX 5187 - [nsx@6876 comp="nsx-manager" subcomp="node-mgmt" username="admin" level="INFO"] Successfully created client CA PEM file /config/vmwarensx-node-api/syslog/92a78d8a-acfd-4515-b05a-2927b70ae920_client_ca.pem for logging server vrli.prome.local:6514
<182>1 2020-03-22T21:54:36.495Z gc3.prome.local NSX 5187 - [nsx@6876 comp="nsx-manager" subcomp="node-mgmt" username="root" level="INFO"] cert issuer = /C=US/L=California/O=GS/CN=Green IntermediateCertification Authority
<182>1 2020-03-22T21:54:36.514Z gc3.prome.local NSX 5187 - [nsx@6876 comp="nsx-manager" subcomp="node-mgmt" username="root" level="INFO"] cert subject = /C=US/ST=California/L=HTG/O=GS/CN=gc.promelocal
<182>1 2020-03-22T21:54:36.539Z gc3.prome.local NSX 5187 - [nsx@6876 comp="nsx-manager" subcomp="node-mgmt" username="root" level="INFO"] certificate trust check succeeded. status: 200, result:{'status': 'OK'}
<182>1 2020-03-22T21:54:36.612Z gc3.prome.local NSX 5187 - [nsx@6876 comp="nsx-manager" subcomp="node-mgmt" username="root" level="INFO"] Certificate already exists, skip import
<182>1 2020-03-22T21:54:37.322Z gc3.prome.local NSX 5187 - [nsx@6876 comp="nsx-manager" subcomp="node-mgmt" username="admin" level="INFO"] Successfully created certificate PEM file /config/vmwarensx-node-api/syslog/92a78d8a-acfd-4515-b05a-2927b70ae920_cert.pem for logging server vrli.prome.local:6514
<182>1 2020-03-22T21:54:38.020Z gc3.prome.local NSX 5187 - [nsx@6876 comp="nsx-manager" subcomp="node-mgmt" username="admin" level="INFO"] Successfully created key PEM file /config/vmwarensx-node-api/syslog/92a78d8a-acfd-4515-b05a-2927b70ae920_key.pem for logging server vrli.prome.local:6514
        /var/log/syslog 中失败日志记录的示例： 
        <182>1 2020-03-22T21:33:30.424Z gc3.prome.local NSX 5187 - [nsx@6876 comp="nsx-manager" subcomp="node-mgmt" username="admin" level="INFO"] Successfully created client CA PEM file /config/vmwarensx-node-api/syslog/76332782-1ec6-483a-95d4-2adeaf2ef112_client_ca.pem for logging server vrli.prome.local:6514
<182>1 2020-03-22T21:33:30.779Z gc3.prome.local NSX 5187 - [nsx@6876 comp="nsx-manager" subcomp="node-mgmt" username="root" level="INFO"] cert issuer = /C=US/L=California/O=GS/CN=Green IntermediateCertification Authority
<182>1 2020-03-22T21:33:30.803Z gc3.prome.local NSX 5187 - [nsx@6876 comp="nsx-manager" subcomp="node-mgmt" username="root" level="INFO"] cert subject = /C=US/ST=California/L=HTG/O=GS/CN=gc.promelocal
<179>1 2020-03-22T21:33:30.823Z gc3.prome.local NSX 5187 - [nsx@6876 comp="nsx-manager" subcomp="node-mgmt" username="root" level="ERROR" errorCode="NODE10"] Certificate trust check failed. status:200, result: {'error_message': 'Certificate CN=gc.prome.local,O=GS,L=HTG,ST=California,C=US was not verifiably signed by CN=gc.prome.local,O=GS,L=HTG,ST=California,C=US: certificate does not verifywith supplied key', 'status': 'ERROR'}
<179>1 2020-03-22T21:33:30.824Z gc3.prome.local NSX 5187 - [nsx@6876 comp="nsx-manager" subcomp="node-mgmt" username="admin" level="ERROR" errorCode="NODE10"] Failed to create certificate PEM file config/vmware/nsx-node-api/syslog/76332782-1ec6-483a-95d4-2adeaf2ef112_cert.pem for logging server vrli.prome.local:6514
<182>1 2020-03-22T21:33:31.578Z gc3.prome.local NSX 5187 - [nsx@6876 comp="nsx-manager" subcomp="node-mgmt" username="admin" level="INFO"] Successfully deleted CA PEM file /config/vmwarensx-node-api/syslog/76332782-1ec6-483a-95d4-2adeaf2ef112_ca.pem
<182>1 2020-03-22T21:33:32.342Z gc3.prome.local NSX 5187 - [nsx@6876 comp="nsx-manager" subcomp="node-mgmt" username="admin" level="INFO"] Successfully deleted client CA PEM file /config/vmwarensx-node-api/syslog/76332782-1ec6-483a-95d4-2adeaf2ef112_ca.pem
<182>1 2020-03-22T21:33:32.346Z gc3.prome.local NSX 16698 - [nsx@6876 comp="nsx-cli" subcomp="node-mgmt" username="admin" level="INFO" audit="true"] CMD: set logging-server vrli.prome.local prototls level info serverca Orange-CA.crt.pem clientca Orange-CA.crt.pem certifi
cate gc-nsxt-mgr.crt.pem key gc-nsxt-mgr.key.pem (duration: 6.365s), Operation status: CMD_EXECUTED
        可以使用以下命令来检查证书和私钥是否匹配。例如： 
        diff  <(openssl x509 -in certs/gc-nsxt-mgr.crt.pem -pubkey -noout) <(openssl rsa -in private/gc-nsxt-mgr.key.pem -pubout)
        如果证书和私钥匹配，则输出为 正在写入 RSA 密钥。任何其他输出均表示它们不匹配。例如，如果证书和私钥匹配，您将看到： 
        root@caserver:~/server-certs# diff  <(openssl x509 -in certs/gc-nsxt-mgr.crt.pem -pubkey -noout) <(openssl rsa -in private/gc-nsxt-mgr.key.pem -pubout)
writing RSA key
        损坏的私钥的示例： 
        root@caserver:~/server-certs# diff  <(openssl x509 -in certs/gc-nsxt-mgr.crt.pem -pubkey -noout) <(openssl rsa -in private/gc-nsxt-mgr-corrupt.key.pem -pubout)
unable to load Private Key
140404188370584:error:0D07209B:asn1 encoding routines:ASN1_get_object:too long:asn1_lib.c:147:
140404188370584:error:0D068066:asn1 encoding routines:ASN1_CHECK_TLEN:bad object header:tasn_dec.c:1205:
140404188370584:error:0D07803A:asn1 encoding routines:ASN1_ITEM_EX_D2I:nested asn1 error:tasn_dec.c:386:Type=RSA
140404188370584:error:04093004:rsa routines:OLD_RSA_PRIV_DECODE:RSA lib:rsa_ameth.c:119:
140404188370584:error:0D07209B:asn1 encoding routines:ASN1_get_object:too long:asn1_lib.c:147:
140404188370584:error:0D068066:asn1 encoding routines:ASN1_CHECK_TLEN:bad object header:tasn_dec.c:1205:
140404188370584:error:0D07803A:asn1 encoding routines:ASN1_ITEM_EX_D2I:nested asn1 error:tasn_dec.c:386:Type=PKCS8_PRIV_KEY_INFO
140404188370584:error:0907B00D:PEM routines:PEM_READ_BIO_PRIVATEKEY:ASN1 lib:pem_pkey.c:141:
1,14d0
< -----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----
< MIICIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAg8AMIICCgKCAgEAv3yH7pZidfkLrEP3zVa9
< EcOKXlFFjkThZRZMfguenlm8s6QHYVvuUX8IRB48Li3/DUfOj0bzaPWktpv+Q2P0
< N/j4LoX2RzjV/DPxYfLP6GMNMc21L3s9ruBeWUthtUP8khCWd2d2rZ09cUZVl0P9
< kIYBb5RMFC7Z1OUtH3bKdepEf+sXz3DaKZ/WySzYq9x86QDaA3ABO3Q0i7txBscI
< FvXuMDOMQaC3pPp9FWO6IPRAWB57wahLJv6K5qGIfwubSBFg53grT4snf1lDZAhZ
< 9hz5JgGr80GVyWyb7rgigpl9iUWAZx8U9De9XoxmvBN5iEGTIuKGaEgICL176crb
< RMkhjnCqNHI+z6sQvpYJ7U0zZc72eBIWoHUkcWWk3eU6Oy4OiyW6jYuXG7hZYlly
< nSkme3mZUWJKvcoX05+3zeCP623/HzE7X2sNyWFjzeF3XEvauZrIbsJh/xp2ShDa
< uKKEY0gUGhLtCa3TpV9l8d6tFWVy8XjVjdjoVt4s7MfUo/airVmRykfsWrKyNUOQ
< qRZvSbqjt8pm+3bSvKdXX4ul7ptPG2GF20ETWHPwjk2JwQpGhR9zK8fsKzvm6hXi
< kq76zI4FefuVps3e1r39+0F+p6d6i2oUoo24sC1iSePTDhU74efVp6iv8HmnDgYX
< Ylm6Kusr0JT5TJFDfASmrj8CAwEAAQ==
< -----END PUBLIC KEY-----
        彼此不配对但有效的私钥和证书的示例： 
          root@caserver:~/server-certs# diff  <(openssl x509 -in certs/gc-nsxt-mgr.crt.pem -pubkey -noout) <(openssl rsa -in private/vrli.key.pem -pubout)
  writing RSA key
  2,13c2,13
  < MIICIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAg8AMIICCgKCAgEAv3yH7pZidfkLrEP3zVa9
  < EcOKXlFFjkThZRZMfguenlm8s6QHYVvuUX8IRB48Li3/DUfOj0bzaPWktpv+Q2P0
  < N/j4LoX2RzjV/DPxYfLP6GMNMc21L3s9ruBeWUthtUP8khCWd2d2rZ09cUZVl0P9
  < kIYBb5RMFC7Z1OUtH3bKdepEf+sXz3DaKZ/WySzYq9x86QDaA3ABO3Q0i7txBscI
  < FvXuMDOMQaC3pPp9FWO6IPRAWB57wahLJv6K5qGIfwubSBFg53grT4snf1lDZAhZ
  < 9hz5JgGr80GVyWyb7rgigpl9iUWAZx8U9De9XoxmvBN5iEGTIuKGaEgICL176crb
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    3. 要查看日志记录配置，请运行以下命令： 
      get logging-server
      例如， 
      nsx> get logging-servers
192.168.110.60 proto udp level info facility local6 messageid SYSTEM,FABRIC
192.168.110.60 proto udp level info facility auth,user
    4. 要清除远程日志记录配置，请运行以下命令： 
      clear logging-servers
  2. 要在 ESXi 主机上配置远程日志记录，请执行以下操作：
    1. 运行以下命令以配置 syslog 并发送测试消息： 
      esxcli network firewall ruleset set -r syslog -e true
      esxcli system syslog config set --loghost=udp://<log server IP>:<port> --log-level=info
      esxcli system syslog reload
      esxcli system syslog mark -s "This is a test message"
    2. 可以运行以下命令以显示配置： 
      esxcli system syslog config get