强化安全 Shell 服务器配置

如果可能，所有 VMware 设备都应具有默认强化配置。通过检查配置文件中全局选项部分中的服务器和客户端服务设置，用户可以确认其配置已正确强化。

过程

• ♦ 在 VMware 设备上打开 /etc/ssh/sshd_config 服务器配置文件，然后确认设置正确。

  设置	sshd_config 中的设置值
  客户端网关端口	GatewayPorts no
  GSSAPI 身份验证	GSSAPIAuthentication no
  CBC 密码	Ciphers [email protected],[email protected],aes256-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes128-ctr
  消息身份验证代码	MACs [email protected],[email protected],[email protected],hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha1

示例： ssh_config 文件示例

#       $OpenBSD: ssh_config,v 1.30 2016/02/20 23:06:23 sobrado Exp $

# This is the ssh client system-wide configuration file.  See
# ssh_config(5) for more information.  This file provides defaults for
# users, and the values can be changed in per-user configuration files
# or on the command line.

# Configuration data is parsed as follows:
#  1. command line options
#  2. user-specific file
#  3. system-wide file
# Any configuration value is only changed the first time it is set.
# Thus, host-specific definitions should be at the beginning of the
# configuration file, and defaults at the end.

# Site-wide defaults for some commonly used options.  For a comprehensive
# list of available options, their meanings and defaults, please see the
# ssh_config(5) man page.

# Host *
#   ForwardAgent no
#   ForwardX11 no
#   RhostsRSAAuthentication no
#   RSAAuthentication yes
#   PasswordAuthentication yes
#   HostbasedAuthentication no
#   GSSAPIAuthentication no
#   GSSAPIDelegateCredentials no
#   BatchMode no
#   CheckHostIP yes
#   AddressFamily any
#   ConnectTimeout 0
#   StrictHostKeyChecking ask
#   IdentityFile ~/.ssh/identity
#   IdentityFile ~/.ssh/id_rsa
#   IdentityFile ~/.ssh/id_dsa
#   IdentityFile ~/.ssh/id_ecdsa
#   IdentityFile ~/.ssh/id_ed25519
#   Port 22
#   FipsMode no
#   Protocol 2
#   Cipher 3des
#   Ciphers aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,aes128-cbc,3des-cbc
#   MACs hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,[email protected],hmac-ripemd160
#   EscapeChar ~
#   Tunnel no
#   TunnelDevice any:any
#   PermitLocalCommand no
#   VisualHostKey no
#   ProxyCommand ssh -q -W %h:%p gateway.example.com
#   RekeyLimit 1G 1h
Ciphers [email protected],[email protected],aes256-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes128-ctr
MACs [email protected],[email protected],[email protected],hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha1
GatewayPorts no
GSSAPIAuthentication no