ESXi networking features enable communication between virtual machines on the same host, between virtual machines on different hosts, and between other virtual and physical machines.

The networking features also allow management of ESXi hosts and enable communication between VMkernel services, such as NFS, iSCSI, or vSphere vMotion, and the physical network. When you configure networking for a virtual machine, you select or change an adapter type, a network connection, and whether to connect the network when the virtual machine powers on.

Network Adapter Basics

When you configure a virtual machine, you can add network adapters (NICs) and specify the adapter type.

Network Adapter Types

The type of network adapters that are available depend on the following factors:

  • The virtual machine compatibility, which depends on the host that created or most recently updated it.
  • Whether the virtual machine compatibility has been updated to the latest version for the current host.
  • The guest operating system.

Supported NICs currently differ between an on-premises environment and VMware Cloud on AWS. The following NIC types are supported in an on-premises deployment:

E1000E
Emulated version of the Intel 82574 Gigabit Ethernet NIC. E1000E is the default adapter for Windows 8 and Windows Server 2012.
E1000
Emulated version of the Intel 82545EM Gigabit Ethernet NIC, with drivers available in most newer guest operating systems, including Windows XP and later and Linux versions 2.4.19 and later.
Flexible
Identifies itself as a Vlance adapter when a virtual machine boots, but initializes itself and functions as either a Vlance or a VMXNET adapter, depending on which driver initializes it. With VMware Tools installed, the VMXNET driver changes the Vlance adapter to the higher performance VMXNET adapter.
Vlance
Emulated version of the AMD 79C970 PCnet32 LANCE NIC, an older 10 Mbps NIC with drivers available in 32-bit legacy guest operating systems. A virtual machine configured with this network adapter can use its network immediately.
VMXNET
Optimized for performance in a virtual machine and has no physical counterpart. Because operating system vendors do not provide built-in drivers for this card, you must install VMware Tools to have a driver for the VMXNET network adapter available.
VMXNET 2 (Enhanced)
Based on the VMXNET adapter but provides high-performance features commonly used on modern networks, such as jumbo frames and hardware offloads. VMXNET 2 (Enhanced) is available only for some guest operating systems on ESX/ ESXi 3.5 and later.
VMXNET 3
A paravirtualized NIC designed for performance. VMXNET 3 offers all the features available in VMXNET 2 and adds several new features, such as multiqueue support (also known as Receive Side Scaling in Windows), IPv6 offloads, and MSI/MSI-X interrupt delivery. VMXNET 3 is not related to VMXNET or VMXNET 2.
PVRDMA

A paravirtualized NIC that supports remote direct memory access (RDMA) between virtual machines through the OFED verbs API. All virtual machines must have a PVRDMA device and should be connected to a distributed switch. PVRDMA supports VMware vSphere vMotion and snapshot technology. It is available in virtual machines with hardware version 13 and guest operating system Linux kernel 4.6 and later.

For information about assigning an PVRDMA network adapter to a virtual machine, see the vSphere Networking documentation.

SR-IOV passthrough
Representation of a virtual function (VF) on a physical NIC with SR-IOV support. The virtual machine and the physical adapter exchange data without using the VMkernel as an intermediary. This adapter type is suitable for virtual machines where latency might cause failure or that require more CPU resources.

SR-IOV passthrough is available in ESXi 6.0 and later for guest operating systems Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 and later, and Windows Server 2008 R2 with SP2. An operating system release might contain a default VF driver for certain NICs, while for others you must download and install it from a location provided by the vendor of the NIC or of the host.

For information about assigning an SR-IOV passthrough network adapter to a virtual machine, see the vSphere Networking documentation.

For network adapter compatibility considerations, see the VMware Compatibility Guide at http://www.vmware.com/resources/compatibility.

Legacy Network Adapters and ESXi Virtual Hardware Versions

The default network adapter types for all legacy virtual machines depend on the adapters available and compatible to the guest operating system and the version of virtual hardware on which the virtual machine was created.

If you do not upgrade a virtual machine to use a virtual hardware version, your adapter settings remain unchanged. If you upgrade your virtual machine to take advantage of newer virtual hardware, your default adapter settings will likely change to be compatible with the guest operating system and upgraded host hardware.

To verify the network adapters that are available to your supported guest operating system for a particular version of vSphere ESXi, see the VMware Compatibility Guide at http://www.vmware.com/resources/compatibility.

Network Adapters and Legacy Virtual Machines

Legacy virtual machines are virtual machines that are supported by the product in use, but are not current for that product.

The default network adapter types for all legacy virtual machines depend on the adapters available and compatible to the guest operating system and the version of virtual hardware on which the virtual machine was created.

If you do not upgrade a virtual machine to correspond with an upgrade to a newer version of an ESXi host, your adapter settings remain unchanged. If you upgrade your virtual machine to take advantage of newer virtual hardware, your default adapter settings will likely change to be compatible with the guest operating system and upgraded host hardware.

To verify the network adapters that are available to your supported guest operating system for a particular version of vSphere ESXi, see the VMware Compatibility Guide at http://www.vmware.com/resources/compatibility.

Change the Configuration of the Virtual Network Adapter in the VMware Host Client

You can configure the power-on connection setting, the MAC address, and the network connection of the virtual network adapter of a virtual machine.

Prerequisites

Required privileges:

  • Virtual Machine.Configuration.Modify device settings for editing the MAC address and network.
  • Virtual Machine.Interaction.Device connection for changing Connect and Connect at power on.
  • Network.Assign network

Procedure

  1. Click Virtual Machines in the VMware Host Client inventory.
  2. Right-click a virtual machine in the list and select Edit settings from the pop-up menu.
  3. Click the Virtual Hardware tab and select the appropriate Network Adapter (NIC) from the hardware list.
  4. (Optional) To connect the virtual NIC when the virtual machine is powered on, select Connect at power on.
  5. (Optional) Select the adapter type from the Adapter Type drop-down menu.
  6. Select an option for MAC address configuration.
    Option Description
    Automatic

    vSphere assigns a MAC address automatically.

    Manual

    Enter the MAC address to use.

  7. Click Save.

Add a Network Adapter to a Virtual Machine in the VMware Host Client

When you add a network adapter (NIC) to a virtual machine, you must select the adapter type, the network connection, and whether the device connects when the virtual machine is powered on.

Procedure

  1. Click Virtual Machines in the VMware Host Client inventory.
  2. Right-click a virtual machine in the list and select Edit settings from the pop-up menu.
  3. Click the Virtual Hardware tab and click Add network adapter.
  4. In the network connection panel, select either a network with a specific label or a legacy network.
  5. (Optional) To configure the virtual NIC to connect when the virtual machine is powered on, select Connect at power on.
  6. Click Save.