Greenplum Database Ports and Protocols

Lists network ports and protocols used within the Greenplum cluster.

Greenplum Database clients connect with TCP to the Greenplum coordinator instance at the client connection port, 5432 by default. The listen port can be reconfigured in the postgresql.conf configuration file. Client connections use the PostgreSQL libpq API. The psql command-line interface, several Greenplum utilities, and language-specific programming APIs all either use the libpq library directly or implement the libpq protocol internally.

Each segment instance also has a client connection port, used solely by the coordinator instance to coordinate database operations with the segments. The gpstate -p command, run on the Greenplum coordinator, lists the port assignments for the Greenplum coordinator and the primary segments and mirrors. For example:

[gpadmin@cdw ~]$ gpstate -p 
20190403:02:57:04:011030 gpstate:cdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Starting gpstate with args: -p
20190403:02:57:05:011030 gpstate:cdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-local Greenplum Version: 'postgres (Greenplum Database) 5.17.0 build commit:fc9a9d4cad8dd4037b9bc07bf837c0b958726103'
20190403:02:57:05:011030 gpstate:cdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-coordinator Greenplum Version: 'PostgreSQL 8.3.23 (Greenplum Database 5.17.0 build commit:fc9a9d4cad8dd4037b9bc07bf837c0b958726103) on x86_64-pc-linux-gnu, compiled by GCC gcc (GCC) 6.2.0, 64-bit compiled on Feb 13 2019 15:26:34'
20190403:02:57:05:011030 gpstate:cdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Obtaining Segment details from coordinator...
20190403:02:57:05:011030 gpstate:cdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:--Coordinator segment instance  /data/coordinator/gpseg-1  port = 5432
20190403:02:57:05:011030 gpstate:cdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:--Segment instance port assignments
20190403:02:57:05:011030 gpstate:cdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-----------------------------------
20190403:02:57:05:011030 gpstate:cdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-   Host   Datadir                Port
20190403:02:57:05:011030 gpstate:cdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-   sdw1   /data/primary/gpseg0   20000
20190403:02:57:05:011030 gpstate:cdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-   sdw2   /data/mirror/gpseg0    21000
20190403:02:57:05:011030 gpstate:cdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-   sdw1   /data/primary/gpseg1   20001
20190403:02:57:05:011030 gpstate:cdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-   sdw2   /data/mirror/gpseg1    21001
20190403:02:57:05:011030 gpstate:cdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-   sdw1   /data/primary/gpseg2   20002
20190403:02:57:05:011030 gpstate:cdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-   sdw2   /data/mirror/gpseg2    21002
20190403:02:57:05:011030 gpstate:cdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-   sdw2   /data/primary/gpseg3   20000
20190403:02:57:05:011030 gpstate:cdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-   sdw3   /data/mirror/gpseg3    21000
20190403:02:57:05:011030 gpstate:cdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-   sdw2   /data/primary/gpseg4   20001
20190403:02:57:05:011030 gpstate:cdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-   sdw3   /data/mirror/gpseg4    21001
20190403:02:57:05:011030 gpstate:cdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-   sdw2   /data/primary/gpseg5   20002
20190403:02:57:05:011030 gpstate:cdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-   sdw3   /data/mirror/gpseg5    21002
20190403:02:57:05:011030 gpstate:cdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-   sdw3   /data/primary/gpseg6   20000
20190403:02:57:05:011030 gpstate:cdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-   sdw1   /data/mirror/gpseg6    21000
20190403:02:57:05:011030 gpstate:cdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-   sdw3   /data/primary/gpseg7   20001
20190403:02:57:05:011030 gpstate:cdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-   sdw1   /data/mirror/gpseg7    21001
20190403:02:57:05:011030 gpstate:cdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-   sdw3   /data/primary/gpseg8   20002
20190403:02:57:05:011030 gpstate:cdw:gpadmin-[INFO]:-   sdw1   /data/mirror/gpseg8    21002

Additional Greenplum Database network connections are created for features such as standby replication, segment mirroring, statistics collection, and data exchange between segments. Some persistent connections are established when the database starts up and other transient connections are created during operations such as query execution. Transient connections for query execution processes, data movement, and statistics collection use available ports in the range 1025 to 65535 with both TCP and UDP protocols.

Note

To avoid port conflicts between Greenplum Database and other applications when initializing Greenplum Database, do not specify Greenplum Database ports in the range specified by the operating system parameter net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range. For example, if net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 10000 65535, you could set the Greenplum Database base port numbers to values outside of that range:

PORT_BASE = 6000
MIRROR_PORT_BASE = 7000

Some add-on products and services that work with Greenplum Database have additional networking requirements. The following table lists ports and protocols used within the Greenplum cluster, and includes services and applications that integrate with Greenplum Database.

Service Protocol/Port Description
Coordinator SQL client connection TCP 5432, libpq SQL client connection port on the Greenplum coordinator host. Supports clients using the PostgreSQL libpq API. Configurable.
Segment SQL client connection varies, libpq The SQL client connection port for a segment instance. Each primary and mirror segment on a host must have a unique port. Ports are assigned when the Greenplum system is initialized or expanded. The gp_segment_configuration system catalog records port numbers for each primary (p) or mirror (m) segment in the port column. Run gpstate -p to view the ports in use.
Segment mirroring port varies, libpq The port where a segment receives mirrored blocks from its primary. The port is assigned when the mirror is set up. The gp_segment_configuration system catalog records port numbers for each primary (p) or mirror (m) segment in the port column. Run gpstate -p to view the ports in use.
Greenplum Database Interconnect UDP 1025-65535, dynamically allocated The Interconnect transports database tuples between Greenplum segments during query execution.
Standby coordinator client listener TCP 5432, libpq SQL client connection port on the standby coordinator host. Usually the same as the coordinator client connection port. Configure with the gpinitstandby utility -P option.
Standby coordinator replicator TCP 1025-65535, gpsyncmaster The gpsyncmaster process on the coordinator host establishes a connection to the secondary coordinator host to replicate the coordinator's log to the standby coordinator.
Greenplum Database file load and transfer utilities: gpfdist, gpload. TCP 8080, HTTP
TCP 9000, HTTPS		 The gpfdist file serving utility can run on Greenplum hosts or external hosts. Specify the connection port with the -p option when starting the server.

The gpload utility runs one or more instances of gpfdist with ports or port ranges specified in a configuration file.
Backup completion notification TCP 25, TCP 587, SMTP The gpbackup backup utility can optionally send email to a list of email addresses at completion of a backup. The SMTP service must be enabled on the Greenplum coordinator host.
Greenplum Database secure shell (SSH): gpssh, gpsync, gpssh-exkeys, gppkg TCP 22, SSH Many Greenplum utilities use rsync and ssh to transfer files between hosts and manage the Greenplum system within the cluster.
Greenplum Platform Extension Framework (PXF) TCP 5888 The PXF Java service runs on port number 5888 on each Greenplum Database segment host.
Greenplum Command Center (GPCC) TCP 28080, HTTP/HTTPS, WebSocket (WS), Secure WebSocket (WSS) The GPCC web server (gpccws process) runs on the Greenplum Database coordinator host or standby coordinator host. The port number is configured at installation time.
Greenplum Command Center (GPCC) TCP 8899, rcp port A GPCC agent (ccagent process) on each Greenplum Database segment host connects to the GPCC rpc backend at port number 8899 on the GPCC web server host.
Greenplum Command Center (GPCC) UNIX domain socket, agent Greenplum Database processes transmit datagrams to the GPCC agent (ccagent process) on each segment host using a UNIX domain socket.
GPText TCP 2188 (base port) ZooKeeper client ports. ZooKeeper uses a range of ports beginning at the base port number. The base port number and maximum port number are set in the GPText installation configuration file at installation time. The default base port number is 2188.
GPText TCP 18983 (base port) GPText (Apache Solr) nodes. GPText nodes use a range of ports beginning at the base port number. The base port number and maximum port number are set in the GPText installation configuration file at installation time. The default base port number is 18983.
EMC Data Domain and DD Boost TCP/UDP 111, NFS portmapper Used to assign a random port for the mountd service used by NFS and DD Boost. The mountd service port can be statically assigned on the Data Domain server.
EMC Data Domain and DD Boost TCP 2052 Main port used by NFS mountd. This port can be set on the Data Domain system using the nfs set mountd-port command .
EMC Data Domain and DD Boost TCP 2049, NFS Main port used by NFS. This port can be configured using the nfs set server-port command on the Data Domain server.
EMC Data Domain and DD Boost TCP 2051, replication Used when replication is configured on the Data Domain system. This port can be configured using the replication modify command on the Data Domain server.
Pgbouncer connection pooler TCP, libpq The pgbouncer connection pooler runs between libpq clients and Greenplum (or PostgreSQL) databases. While you can run it on the Greenplum coordinator host, running pgbouncer on a host outside of the Greenplum cluster is recommended. When it runs on a separate host, pgbouncer can act as a warm standby mechanism for the Greenplum coordinator host, switching to the Greenplum standby host without requiring clients to reconfigure. Set the client connection port and the Greenplum coordinator host address and port in the pgbouncer.ini configuration file.

Parent topic: Greenplum Database Security Configuration Guide

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